Excavator daily inspection and maintenance

The excavator sapre parts have a complicated structure and requires a lot of daily inspection and maintenance. It is described as follows.

1. Inspection and maintenance of diesel engines

(1) Lubrication system

Maintenance period After the new machine is used for 50h, its diesel engine should be repaired for the first time. The oil should be changed and the oil filter should be replaced at the same time. If APICF-4/SG grade oil is used, the maintenance interval should be controlled at 250h. Recommended use. APICH-4/SJ grade engine oil, its normal maintenance interval should be controlled within 500h.

Check the excavator oil level of the diesel engine every day. The correct inspection method is as follows: First, stop the equipment on the level ground for about 15 minutes, take out the dipstick, and wipe the oil on the dipstick with a clean cloth; then, re-insert the dipstick and then remove it. Observe the oil level. The normal oil level should be between the markings. If the oil level is low, you can refuel through the filling port.

Oils with different viscosity should be replaced according to the trend of temperature change. SAE15 or the same level can be used in summer and winter; SAE40 or the same level should be used in high temperature area; SAE10W or similar level should be used in low temperature area.

First, the machine is parked on a flat surface, and the diesel engine is operated at low speed and no load for 5 minutes to shut down the diesel engine.

Next, unscrew the oil drain plug under the oil pan, let the oil flow through the clean filter cloth into the container with the capacity larger than the oil pan capacity. After draining the oil, check if there is any foreign matter such as metal debris on the cloth, and then tighten. Oil drain plug.

Again, remove the oil main filter and bypass filter with a filter wrench, clean the filter gasket contact surface, apply a layer of clean oil to the new filter seal. Install a new filter (pour new oil) ), rotate the filter clockwise by hand (be careful not to overtighten) until the gasket contacts the contact surface.

Then, open the fuel filler and add the new engine oil recommended by the manufacturer to the diesel engine. After 15 minutes, check whether the oil level is between the oil level markings and then install the fuel filler cap.

Finally, start the diesel engine and run the diesel engine at low speed and no load for 5 minutes. Check if the diesel oil pressure indicator on the monitor disk is extinguished immediately. If it is not extinguished, immediately turn off the diesel engine and find the cause. After turning off the diesel engine, check the oil drain plug. Is there a leak?

(2) Fuel supply system

The maintenance cycle should be based on the ambient temperature, select the high quality fuel that matches the excavator. The maintenance cycle of the fuel supply system is shown in Table 5.

Fueling step First, clean the vicinity of the fuel tank cap to prevent dirt, dust, water or other foreign matter from entering the fuel tank. Secondly, carry out fuel filling. At this time, make sure that the fuel is not splashed on the machine. When the fuel quantity exceeds the fuel tank When the filter is installed, stop refueling. Finally, reinstall the fuel tank cap on the fuel filler and lock the fuel tank cap with a key to prevent it from being lost or damaged.

Drain the fuel tank storage tank dirt should discharge the fuel tank storage tank dirt every day, the discharge method is as follows: open the discharge valve valve, drain water and sediment, after the discharge is clean, close the discharge valve.

The water and sediment in the drain water separator should be inspected once every 10h (if the diesel quality is very good, it can also be 50h). When there is water and sediment in the water collecting cup of the oil water separator, it should be timely. Discharge, the method is as follows: manually release the bottom discharge knob of the water separator to drain, and then drain the drain knob after draining to ensure no oil leakage or air leakage. The discharge knob is reverse thread, and the indicator should be pressed according to the marking. Directional operation to avoid damage to the drain knob.

Excluding air in the fuel system of the fuel system may cause the diesel engine to start or operate abnormally. After draining the oil water separator, replacing the fuel filter, and cleaning the oil pump filter, the air in the fuel system must be removed. Proceed as follows:

First, confirm that the oil water separator discharge knob has been tightened.

Next, loosen the discharge bolt on the fuel fine filter and unscrew the manual oil pump handwheel to pump the oil until the air in the oil pipeline is exhausted.

Once again, tighten the drain bolt on the fuel fine filter, press the oil pump handwheel and tighten.

Finally, start the diesel engine and run at low speed and no load, check the fuel system for leaks.

Replace the fuel fine filter and replace the fuel fine filter every 250h. The replacement method is as follows:

First, remove the cartridge fuel fine filter with a tape or chain wrench;

Next, apply a thin layer of clean oil to the seal of the new fine filter and turn the fine filter by hand until the seal touches the sealing surface;

Again, use a filter wrench, rotate about 2/3 more turns and tighten (not over tighten).

Finally, pump the oil into the fine filter through the hand pump until the fuel overflows from the discharge bolt, and then tighten the discharge bolt.

Clean the oil pump filter. The oil pump filter should be cleaned once every 1000h. The specific method is as follows: First, remove the connecting bolt of the inlet hose of the oil pump, and then remove the filter from the connecting bolt with a screwdriver; secondly, use diesel oil After the filter is cleaned, re-tighten the filter into the connecting bolt; finally, tighten the connecting bolt and vent the fuel system.

Check the fuel hose every 1 hour to check the fuel hose. If the fuel hose is twisted, worn, leaked, etc., it should be adjusted or replaced.

(3) Cooling system

The inspection and maintenance items for the diesel engine cooling system are shown in Table 6. When using pure coolant, it can be replaced every year or 2000h. When the machine is working in a dusty area, the maintenance interval should be shortened. The coolant should not use tap water or bottled purified water. , can not use unclean sewage.

Check the cooling water level. Check the cooling water level every day. When the diesel engine is working, the cooling water level must be between the upper limit position and the lower limit position of the water radiator. If the cooling water level is lower than the lower limit position, add cooling water to the water tank. Check It should be noted that the water cover should not be loosened before the system is fully cooled to prevent hot water splashing.

Checking and adjusting the fan tape tension looseness of the fan tape may cause the battery to be undercharged. Therefore, check and adjust the fan tape tension once every 250h (after the new machine for the first time after 50h). However, please note that the tape should not be too tight, otherwise Bearings and tape are easily damaged.

The method of checking the tightness of the tape is as follows: press the middle point of the tape between the fan tape wheel and the alternator tape wheel with the thumb, as shown in Fig. 33. When the pressed pressure is about 98N, the deflection A should be 9-12mm. If the tension is not within this range, loosen the adjusting plate and bracket bolts and adjust the tension bolt. After the tape is in the range of A, tighten the adjusting plate and the bracket bolt.

The method of cleaning the water radiator to clean the water radiator is as follows: First, unscrew the water radiator cover, open the water radiator and the discharge bolt on the diesel engine, and close the coolant after draining it; secondly, inject the water radiator with tap water and Radiator cleaner, start the diesel engine and run at slightly faster than idle speed. When the pointer of the thermometer reaches the green area, continue to run the diesel engine for about 15 minutes; finally, turn off the diesel engine and open the radiator discharge bolt, rinse the cooling system with tap water until The discharged water is clean.

(4) Air filter

The outer filter element of the air filter should be cleaned once every 100h (or when it is blocked), after 5 times of cleaning or once every 2 months, the inner and outer filter elements should be replaced (the inner and outer filter elements should be replaced at the same time).

The replacement method is as follows: first loosen the fixing nut of the end cover, remove the end cover, then loosen the fixing bolt of the outer filter element, remove the outer filter element and the inner filter element; secondly, gently tap the outer filter element by hand (must not hit on the hard object) ), and use compressed air to sweep the dust from the inside of the filter element, then clean the inside of the filter; finally, install the inner filter element, the outer filter element and the end cap seal ring, and clean the end cover and the dust exhaust port, then install it. Tighten the fixing nut again. https://jnjmzm.wixsite.com/sdjygcjx