Daily maintenance and filter replacement for hydraulic excavators

The purpose of regular maintenance of the excavator is to reduce machine failure, extend machine life, reduce machine downtime, improve work efficiency, and reduce operating costs. By managing fuel, lubricants, water and air, you can reduce your failure by 70%. In fact, about 70% of the failures are caused by poor management.

1. Fuel management

Different grades of diesel oil should be selected according to different ambient temperatures (see Table 1); diesel oil should not be mixed with impurities, lime soil and water, otherwise the fuel pump will wear out prematurely; the inferior fuel will have high paraffin and sulfur content, which will be the engine. Damage occurs; after the daily operation, the fuel tank should be filled with fuel to prevent water droplets from forming on the inner wall of the tank; before the daily operation, the drain valve at the bottom of the fuel tank is opened to release water; after the engine fuel is exhausted or the filter element is replaced, the air in the road must be drained. . Minimum ambient temperature 0°C-10°C-20°C-30°C

2. Management of other oils

Other oils include engine oil, hydraulic oil, gear oil, etc.; different grades and different grades of oil cannot be mixed; different types of excavator oils have different chemical or physical additives added during the production process; Clean with oil to prevent impurities (water, dust, particles, etc.) from mixing in; select the oil label according to the ambient temperature and use. For high ambient temperature, oil with high viscosity should be used. For low ambient temperature, oil with low viscosity should be used. The viscosity of gear oil is relatively large to adapt to large transmission load. The viscosity of hydraulic oil is relatively small to reduce liquid flow. resistance.

3, filter maintenance

The filter element acts as a filter to filter impurities in the oil path or gas path, preventing it from invading the inside of the system and causing malfunction; various filter elements should be replaced regularly according to the requirements of the Operation and Maintenance Manual; when replacing the filter element, it should be checked whether metal is attached to the old one. On the filter element, if metal particles are found, timely diagnosis and improvement measures are taken; use a pure filter element that meets the machine specifications. The filter capacity of the counterfeit filter element is poor, and the surface of the filter layer and the material quality are not in accordance with the requirements, which will seriously affect the normal use of the machine.

4, regular maintenance of the content

1 After the new machine is working 250H, the fuel filter and the additional fuel filter should be replaced; check the clearance of the engine valve.

2 routine maintenance; check, clean or replace the air filter; clean the inside of the cooling system; check and tighten the track plate bolts; check and adjust the track tension; check the intake heater; replace the teeth; adjust the bucket clearance; Window cleaning liquid level; check and adjust air conditioning; clean the floor of the cab; replace the breaker filter (optional). When cleaning the inside of the cooling system, after the engine is fully cooled, slowly loosen the water inlet cover to release the internal pressure of the water tank before releasing the water; do not perform cleaning when the engine is working, the high-speed rotating fan may cause danger; when cleaning or replacing the cooling When parking, park the machine on a level surface.

5, grease management

Lubricating oil (butter) reduces wear on moving surfaces and prevents noise. When storing and storing grease, do not mix dust, sand, water and other impurities. It is recommended to use lithium-based grease G2-L1, which has good anti-wear performance and is suitable for heavy-duty working conditions. When filling, try to squeeze all the old oil. Remove and wipe clean to prevent sand from sticking.

Long-term storage. When the machine is stored for a long time, in order to prevent the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder from rusting, the working device should be placed on the ground; the whole machine should be washed and dried and stored in a dry indoor environment; if it is limited by conditions, it should be stored outdoors. The machine is parked on a well-drained concrete floor; fill the fuel tank before storage, lubricate all parts, replace hydraulic oil and oil, apply a thin layer of butter on the exposed metal surface of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and remove the negative terminal of the battery, or Remove the battery separately and store it; add an appropriate proportion of antifreeze to the cooling water according to the minimum ambient temperature; start the engine once a month and operate the machine to lubricate the moving parts while charging the battery; turn on the air conditioning and cooling operation for 5-10min.

Check the project before starting the engine. Check the liquid level of the coolant (add water); check the engine oil level, add oil; check the fuel level (fueling); check the hydraulic oil level (plus hydraulic oil); check the air filter is blocked; check the wire; Check that the horn is normal; check the lubrication of the bucket; check the water and sediment in the water separator.

Every 100 maintenance items. Boom cylinder head pin; boom pin; boom cylinder rod end; arm cylinder head pin; boom, stick connecting pin; arm cylinder end; bucket cylinder head pin ; half rod connecting rod; bucket, bucket cylinder rod end; bucket cylinder head pin; arm linkage pin; check the oil level in the swing mechanism box (add oil); from the fuel tank Drain water and sediment.